Saturday 28 July 2012

Other Goddesses- Charites


Charites/Kharites/Graces/Gratiae- There were three in number usually, Aglaea/Algaea/Aglaia (Splendor), Euphrosyne (Mirth), and Thalia (Good Cheer), Cleta/Kleta to the Spartans. The goddesses of grace, charm, beauty, nature, pleasure, fertility, play, relaxation and floral decoration. They acted as attendants for Aphrodite and/or Hera.

They were usually thought to be daughters of Zeus and Eurynome (Titaness of water meadows, an Okeanid and Zeus' third wife), or Zeus and Eunomia (goddess of good order, a Horaie and daughter of Zeus and Themis), or Eurymedousa. They were also thought to be daughters of Helios and Aegele/Aigle (Okeanid), or Dionysus and Kronois, or Dionysus and Aphrodite.

Other names include Auxo (probably a name taken from the Hourai), Charis/Kharis/Grace, Hegemone, Phaenna, Pasithea/Pasithee, Eudaimonia, Paidia, Pandaisia, Pannykhis, and Antheia.

Aglaea was the goddess of beauty, splendor, glory, magnificence and adornment, also named Charis (grace) and Kale (beauty). She was wife to Hephaestus after he divorced Aphrodite and with him became mother to the younger Charites- Eucleia/Eukleia (Good Repute), Eupheme (Acclaim), Euthenia (Prosperity), and Philophrosyne (Welcome).
Sostratus says that Aphrodite bickered with the Charites over who was most beautiful, the seer Teiresias chose Kale/Aglaea and Aphrodite turned him into an old woman as punishment but Kale gave him beautiful hair. Charis/Kharis/Grace were probably just other names for her.

Euphrosyne was the goddess of joy, mirth and merriment. Sometimes she was companion to Acratus/Akratos, the spirit of unmixed wine who was an attendant of Dionysus.

Thalia was the goddess of good cheer, festivity and rich banquets. Pandaisia was probably another name for her.

Hegemone was the goddess of plants.

Pasithea was the goddess of rest and wife to Hypnos, the god of sleep, given to him by Hera in exchange for putting Zeus to sleep for a second time and risking his wrath.

Antheia was the goddess of flowers.

They were often in the company of Apollo, the Muses and the Horai.

Nonnus mentioned how when Aphrodite competed with Athena over weaving helped her, Pasithea made the spindle turn, Peitho dressed the wool, and Aglaea gave Aphrodite the yarn and thread.

Their Roman counterparts were the Gratiae/Graces.

Hesiod describes them as 'fair cheeked' with 'beaming' or 'sparkling' eyes, whilst Sappho calls them 'rosy-armed', and Ibycus says they are 'blue-eyed'.

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