Other Gods- Mithras

Mithra/Mitra/Mithras- a Zoroastrian god, Zoroastrianism was a religion founded by Zoroaster/ Zarathustra, a Persian. Mithra was adopted by both the Greeks and Romans, he was a god of Asha/Truth, Aban/Apas/The Waters, law, the harvest and cattle. He may have also been a sun god.

Sometimes his mother was said to be Anahita, the goddess of water, fertility, healing and wisdom. Sometimes she was his consort instead.

He was a member of the ahuric triad with Ahura Mazda, the highest deity, a god of light and wisdom, and Burz/Ahura Berezant/Apam Napat, the deity of water, making him an important deity. He helped Ahura Mazda battle evil. Sometimes Burz was replaced with Anahita.

With Rashnu, the god of justice, and Sraosha the deity of obedience and observance, he was a judge who passed judgement on people after death, they did this on the Chinvat Bridge, the bridge between the living and the dead.

In Zoroastrian scripture he was described as, "Mithra of wide pastures, of the thousand ears, and of the myriad eyes."
The Khordeh Avesta, a book of prayer, said about him, 'Who has a thousand ears, the well-shaped one, Who has ten thousand eyes, the exalted one, Who has wide knowledge, the helpful one, Who sleeps not, the ever wakeful. We sacrifice to Mithra, The lord of all countries, Whom Ahura Mazda created the most glorious.'

The Greeks called him Mithras and the Romans created the Mithraic mysteries/Mithraism, a mystery religion practised to him.

The Romans showed him being born from a rock, killing a bull and banqueting with Sol. He was born from the rock fully grown, wearing only a Phrygian cap and carrying a dagger in one hand and a torch in the other. Sometimes he carried a globe and sometimes there were flames coming from the rock and/or his cap. Sometimes Saturn was present to give Mithras his dagger.
The bull killing was known as tauroctony, and may have been purely Roman in origin, sometimes the bull's tail was depicted as an ear of wheat as was his blood, occasionally the blood was also shown as grapes. Sometimes in imagery there would be a dog and serpent reaching for the bull's wound and a scorpion reaching for its genitals. Some also had a bird, a chalice and/or a lion. Beings called Cautes and Cautopates were also present, Cautes holding a raised torch and Cautopates a lowered one. They were dressed the same as Mithras but shown as smaller than him. Usually Sol or Sol and Luna would be looking down at his deed. Often Mithras would be depicted as looking up at Sol. It is thought that by slaying the bull he brought life to the world. He was thought to have ridden the bull before killing it.
After killing the bull Mithras ate it with Sol, with the torchbearers present, one holding a caduceus.
He was also depicted ascending behind Sol in his chariot and shaking hands with him.

The myth of the bull could be connected to the myth of Gavaevodata, the primordial bovine of dual gender, one of six primordial creations of Ahura Mazda. Killed by Angra Mainyu, from its body came animal life and plants. Its soul, Goshorun, became the soul of all livestock. Angra Mainyu was an evil spirit, the creator of demons, created by Ahura Mazda. Mithras may have substituted for him in the killing of the life giving bull tale.

Sometimes he was linked to Phanes, hatching from a cosmic egg in his place. He was also known as Sol Invictus (the unconquered sun)

He was depicted as young, in a tunic, with boots and breeches,a Phrygian cap and sometimes a cloak, usually with a dagger in hand. He was sometimes shown in a gold chariot pulled by white horses.

Other Gods- Anemi

Anemi/Anemoi- were the Greek gods of winds, Boreas was the north wind who brought cold air in winter, Notos/Notus was the south wind who brought storms in late summer and autumn, Zephyrus/Zephyros was the west wind linked to spring and early summer, and Eurus/Euros was the east wind.

They were the children of Astraeus/Astraios the titan of the stars and planets, and Eos the titaness of the dawn. Their sister was the virgin goddess of justice Astraea/Astraia. They were linked to the more violent sons of Typhon, the storm winds Anemi/Anemoi Thuelli and sometimes confused with them, they were said to be held captive by Aeolus/Aiolos/Hippotades. It's possible Aeolus had the Anemi captive as well, along with the Harpies/Harpyiai/Aellai. Aeolus was known as the king of the winds, his name Hippotades means 'reiner of horses', it comes from the winds being depicted as horses. Three Aeolus crop up in Greek myth and are usually confused as the same, one was a son of Hellene, one a son of Poseidon and the other a son of Hippotes with the nymph Melanippe/Ocyrrhoe/Okyrrhoe, a daughter of the centaur Chiron/Kheiron. He gave Odysseus the winds in a bag and Odysseus' crew unleashed them thinking he held treasure in the bag.

The winds were depicted as winged or horse like in form.

Boreas/Boreais/Boriais/Borras- god of the north wind and winter, was depicted as old, bearded and winged, wearing a cloak and holding a conch shell. Usually his feet are winged though Pausanias said he had snakes for feet.
He abducted and married Orithyia/Oreithyia an Athenian princess, the daughter of King Erechtheus, her sisters were Procris who was accidentally slain by her husband Cephalus, Creusa who had Ion with Apollo and Cephalus with Hermes, Chthonia who was sacrificed by Erechtheus as a prophecy told him he would win a battle if he did, and Protogeneia and Pandora who killed themselves after Chthonia's death as the three had made a pact to commit suicide if one of them died. Boreas abducted Orithyia when he failed to woo her, he took her when she was playing with her friends by a river and raped her. With her he had two daughters, Chione/Khione the goddess of snow, and Cleopatra/Kleopatra, wife to the Thracian king Phineus, and two sons, the Boreads Calais and Zetes/Zethes who joined the Argonauts and chased the Harpies from the seer Phineas/Phineus. Orithyia became a goddess of the cold mountain winds.
He fathered the Hippoi Troiades, twelve immortal horses owned by King Laomedon of Troy. He had them with King Erikhthonios/Erichthonius' mares, he was an Athenian king born from Hephaestus attempt to rape Athena. Laomedon promised them to Heracles in exchange for him saving his daughter Hesione from the sea monster Cetus, sent by Poseidon, but when Heracles did this Laomedon refused to part with the horses.
He fathered Ares' four horses Aithon/Aethon, Phlogios/Phlogeus, Konabos/Conabus and Phobos/Phobus, they could breathe fire and were immortal.
He fathered the immortal horses Xanthos/Xanthus and Podarkes/Podarces with the Harpy Aello and gave them to King Erechtheus as he had taken his daughter Orithyia from him.
The three nymphs Hecaerge/Hekaerge, Loxo and Oupis/Upis who lived in Hyperborea and attended Artemis were said to be his daughters. Alternate names for them were Arge, Achaeia/Akhaeia, Hyperoche/Hyperokhe and Laodice/Laodike.
With his daughter Chione he fathered the three Hyperborean Giants/Boreades, they were rulers in Hyperborea and priests of Apollo.
Sometimes the breeze nymphs the Aurae/Aurai/Aetai/Aetae/Pnoiai/Pnoeae are his daughters but in other accounts they are the daughters of Okeanos.
Sometimes he was said to have rescued Leto from Python, the monster Hera sent to pursue her while she was pregnant.
He had a contest with Helios to see who could make a man strip first, Boreas tried to blow his clothes off and failed but Helios made him sweat and strip as a result.
The land Hyperborea/Hyperboria was said to be beyond him as it was north of Thrace where he lived, as a result it was never cold.

His Roman counterpart was Aquilo/Aquilon/Septentrio. Another name for him was Aparctias.

Notos/Notus-god of the south wind and late summer/early autumn. He was feared as a destroyer of crops.

His Roman counterpart was Auster who brought heavy clouds and fog.

Eurus/Euros- god of the east wind and autumn, he lived near Helios. He brought warmth and rain.

His Roman counterpart was Vulturnus.

Zephyrus/Zephyros/Zephyr- god of the west wind and spring. He lived in a cave in Thrace.
He was married to Chloris, who he abducted, a goddess of flowers who lived on the Isles of the Blessed. Some sources say he competed with Boreas for her. Together they had a son, Karpos/Carpus. Karpos loved Kalamos, son of the river god Maiandros. They had a swimming contest and Karpos drowned, Kalamos then drowned in his grief and was transformed into a water reed.
Sometimes his wife was Iris, the goddess of the rainbow and his sister. With her he was father to Eros, the god of love, usually seen as a child of Aphrodite and Ares or Ouranos and Gaia, and Pothos/Pothus, the god of sexuality and desire and one of the Erotes, who was sometimes seen as a son of Aphrodite's.
With the Harpy Podarge he was father to Balius/Balios and Xanthos, two immortal horses Poseidon gave to Peleus when he married Thetis. They pulled Achilles' chariot during the Trojan War.

He loved Hyacinth who was also loved by Apollo, jealous of their love Zephyrus blew Apollo's discus into Hyacinth resulting in the youth's death. Apollo turned him into the hyacinth flower.

When Psyche was abandoned on a mountain by her parents when an oracle instructed them to after no one would marry her, Zephyrus carried her away to Eros/Cupid's palace. He took her back to her sisters at Eros' request and then brought them back to his palace during the day. After Psyche loses Eros' love because of her sisters she tricks them into thinking he wants them for a wife and has them go to a top of a mountain and jump of but instead of catching them, Zephyrus lets them fall to their deaths.

His Roman counterpart was Favonius, also a god of plants and flowers.



The Anemoi Thuelli were the wicked offspring of Typhon and the ones imprisoned by Aeolus. They were:
Kaikias, the northeast wind who was depicted as a bearded man with a shield of hailstones, the Romans called him Caecius.
Apeliotes/Apeliotus, the southeast wind, depicted as curly haired, friendly, wearing boots and carrying fruit and wearing a cloth to conceal flowers or grain, his Roman counterpart was Subsolanus or Phoenicias.
Skeiron/Skiron, the northwest wind, depicted as an bearded man tilting a cauldron, his Roman counterpart was Caurus/Corus or Argestes or Iapyx or Meses or Olympias.
Lips, the southwest wind, depicted at the stern of a ship, his Roman counterpart was Afer ventus/Africus.

Circius/Thrascius was the north northwest wind.
Euronotus was the south southeast wind between Euros and Notos.
Libonotus was the south southwest wind.

        

Other Gods- Asclepius

Asclepius/Asklepios- the god of medicine and healing.

A son of Apollo and Coronis/Koronis, a princess of the Lapiths who cheated on Apollo with Ischys/Alcyoneus/Lycus. A raven reported the news of the affair to Apollo who turned the bird's feathers from white to black in anger before sending Artemis to kill Coronis. Apollo commanded Hermes to rescue the unborn Asclepius from his mother's womb while she on her funeral pyre and to give him to Chiron to raise.
In another version of the tale Coronis birthed him and exposed him in the wilderness where he was suckled by a goat and guarded by a dog until the shepherd Aresthanas found him.
Sometimes Arsinoe, daughter of Leucippus/Leukippos is said to be his mother, her sisters Phoebe and
Hilaeira (the Leucippides) were abducted by Castor and Pollux to be their brides.

He married Epion, goddess of soothing pain and with her had daughters, Hygieia/Hygiea/Hygeia, goddess of health, cleanliness and sanitation, Panacea/Panakeia, a goddess of remedy and cures, Aceso/Akeso, goddess of healing, Iaso/Ieso, goddess of recuperation, Aegle/Aigle, goddess of good health and sons, Machaon/Makhaon, a surgeon and medic who led an army from Thessaly during the Trojan War with his brother Podalirius, he was wounded by Paris and killed by Eurpylus, Podalirius/Podaleirius, healed Philoctetes, hid in the Trojan Horse, survived the war and married a princess, Syrna, and Telesphorus/Telesphoros, a dwarf wearing a hood or a cap who was usually in the company of Hygieia, he was linked to recovery from illness.
He had a son, Aratus/Aratos, with Aristodama.

He may have recieved his healing from Athen who gifted him with blood from the Gorgon, the blood flowing from the right side of her body had the power to raise the dead.

He sometimes substitutes for Polyeidos/Polyidus, a seer in the myth of Glaucus. Glaucus was a son of Minos who disappeared chasing a mouse, the Curetes told Minos that whoever could find a marvelous creature born amongst them would find a child, Polyidus found a calf that changed from white to red to black during the day. He then found Glaucus, who had died after falling into a cask of honey, Minos imprisoned Polyidus ordering him to resurrect the boy. A snake came to Polyidus in the cellar and he killed with a sword, he then observed the snake's mate resurrecting it with a herb, he found this herb and brought back Glaucus with it.

He joined the hunt for the Calydonian Boar and was an Argonaut.

He was persuaded to resurrect Hippolytus, son of Theseus, by Artemis or Poseidon or for coin. Hippolytus had been killed by a sea monster or bull sent by Poseidon or Dionysus that frightened his horses who pulled him to his death. This was because Theseus had asked Poseidon to curse him because his wife Phaedra had falsely claimed that Hippolytus had raped her when in truth he had simply resisted his advances. Asclepius resurrected him and was struck down by Zeus, either for bringing back the dead, for taking coin for bringing back the dead or because Hades asked it to be done as he considered the dead being taken from the the Underworld to be an insult.
In outrage, Apollo killed the Cyclopes that had created Zeus' lightning bolts and Zeus made him served King Admetus as punishment.
At Apollo's request Zeus placed Asclepius in the stars as the constellation Opiuchus. Alternatively he became a god, granted godhood by Zeus to prevent further quarreling with Apollo.

He is depicted as a young bearded man carrying a staff with a snake entwined about it.

The Aesculapian Snake is named for him, these are non-venomous snakes that were used in healing rituals and allowed to roam freely in temples to the god amongst the ill.

He was linked to the god Paena/Paeëon/Paeon, a physician to the gods initially he was his own individual before being another name for Apollo or Asclepius. He healed Ares when he was wounded by Diomedes during the Trojan War and healed Hades when Heracles shot him with an arrow.

He had no Roman counterpart

Other Gods- Aristaeus

Aristaeus/Aristaios- god of bee keeping, honey, shepherds, cattle, fruit trees, husbandry and pastures.

He was the son of Apollo and Cyrene/Kyrene, either a daughter of King Hypseus of the Lapiths, or of the river god Peneus. Apollo abducted her when he saw her wrestling a lion or tending sheep and took her to North Africa where he found a city in her name. She gave birth to Aristaeus and Idmon, an Argonaut who was a seer, and sometimes said to be son to Asteria, daughter of Coronus.

Rarely he was said to be a son of Carystus/Karystos/Karustos a rustic god who was son of the centaur Chiron and the nymph Chariclo/Khariclo.

He was either taken by Apollo and given to Chiron to raise or he was taken by Hermes, given to the Horai and Gaia, raised on nectar and ambrosia and made immortal by Gaia.

The nymphs taught him how to curdle milk into cheese, how to tame bees and how to cultivate olive trees. The Muses taught him healing and prophecy, had him tend their flocks and found him a bride. He passed on his talents to humanity.

He was married to Cadmus/Kadmus and Harmonia's daughter Autonoë and with her had a son, Actaeon/Aktaion and a daughter, Macris. Actaeon was a hunter who spied Artemis bathing when he was hunting, as punishment she turned him into a deer and his own hounds tore him apart. In grief, Autonoe left her home in Thebes for Ereneia, where she died, and Aristaeus went to Ceos. Macris gave the newborn Dionysus honey when Hermes delivered him to her and as a result Hera exiled her. She fled to a small island and was helped by Demeter, who taught the residents how to grow cereal grain.

He also had the sons Kharmos and Kallikarpos.

Pherecydes says he was father to Hecate, though she is more popularly said to be the daughter of the Titans Perses and Asteria.

It was the Delphic oracle that advised Aristaeus to go to the island of Ceos, there the people were suffering from a sickness caused by the early rising of the dog star Sirius. Aristaeus ended it by sacrificing to Zeus or by discovering that the murderers of Icarius/Ikarios were amongst them and bringing them to justice. This was probably the same Icarius who was given wine by Dionysus in thanks for his hospitality only to be killed by shepherds he shared the wine with who thought he had poisoned them when they became drunk.

When his bees died his mother advised him to capture Proteus to find out how to restore them. He did so and the god told him to kill a bullock and inter its carcass. Alternatively this advice came from Arethusa, a Nereid.

Sometimes he was said to be foster father to Dionysus. He competed with Dionysus over whether honey or wine was better, the Olympians judged that wine was better. He fought the Indians with Dionysus.

Sometimes Eurydice was said to have been fleeing him rather than a satyr when she was bitten by a poisonous snake.

He seems to have been depicted as young, a bearded shepherd wearing a laurel wreath. He has no Roman counterpart.

Other Gods- Silenus

Silenus/Seilenos- god of drunkenness, wine, folklore, rustic life. The teacher, foster father and companion of Dionysus.

The son of Gaia, Hermes, Pan or some unknown nymph.

He may have been father to the Sileni, drunken followers of Dionysus, depicted as bald and fat with thick lips and flat noses. They were named Maron/Maro, Leneus and Astraeus/Astraios. Maron was Dionysus' charioteer and a priest of Apollo, he was also sometimes said to be a son of Dionysus, Euanthes or Oenopion.
With the Naiad Melia he had sons Dolion and Pholus/Pholos a centaur who entertained Heracles by offering him wine and died when the smell of the wine brought other centaurs and he was accidentally shot by one of Heracles' poisoned arrows.
Another nymph, the Naiad/Okeanid Nais is said to be his wife.

When drunk he could be prophetic and in one tale King Midas had his servants seize him when he was unconscious after drinking so that he could hear a prophecy. Silenus told him it was better for man to not be born and if he was to die as soon as possible. In another version of the tale Silenus was drunk and lost in Phrygia and either found by peasants and taken to Midas or found by Midas himself. Midas treated him hospitably. Dionysus rewarded Midas by offering him whatever he wanted and he asked to be able to turn everything he touched to gold. When he found he could not eat he begged Dionysus to reverse the gift, Dionysus did this by instructing him to wash his hands in a river.

He was depicted as an old man with the tail, legs and ears of a horse, though later he was depicted with human legs, and rarely he was shown with horns. Usually he was being supported by satyrs or on a donkey.

His Roman counterpart is sometimes considered to be Silvanus though he was more popularly viewed as Pan's Roman counterpart.

Other Gods- Priapus

Priapus/Priapos- Usually described as the son of Dionysus and Aphrodite, sometimes the son of Dionysus and Chione/Khione, or a son of Zeus, Pan, Hermes or Adonis with Aphrodite. He was cursed in Aphrodite's womb by Hera in vegeance for Paris picking Aphrodite as the most beautiful goddess over Hera and Athena. As a result of the curse he was born ugly, foul minded and with a large erection (this is why he is thought to be the son of Hermes or Dionysus as both were phallic gods).

He is a rustic god of fertility who protects livestock, fruit plants, bees, gardens and sailors. He was said to be cast down from Olympus because of his ugly appearance and found and raised by shepherds.

He desired the nymph Lotis, daughter of Poseidon or Nereus, and tried to rape her in her sleep. A donkey brayed awakening the nymph and giving her a chance to escape. Everyone else nearby as well awoke and Priapus was humiliated. He continued to desire her so the gods turned her into a lotus tree out of pity. The nymph Dryope, raped by Apollo, plucked from this tree as she wanted the blossoms for her son and was turned into a black poplar for the offence. Priapus then killed the donkey.
Ovid tells another version of this tale, substituting Lotis for the goddess Hestia.

He was depicted a short with a huge penis and usually wearing a Phrygian cap and boots, holding a thyrsus like Dionysus or a caduceus like Hermes. The donkey, fish and bees were his sacred animals and fruit and flowers in general were also sacred to him.

His Roman counterpart was Mutunus Tutunus/ Mutinus Titinus, a phallic god of marriage. Usually depicted as just a phallus, on a coin he was shown as old, bearded and wearing a winged diadem.

Other Gods- Pan

Pan- god of shepherds, flocks, the wilderness, hunters and rustic music. He was a son of Hermes though his mother varies, candidates were Thymbris, a Naiad who may have alternatively had Pan with Zeus, Penelopeia/Penelope, a Dryad of Mt. Cyllene where Hermes was born, she is thought to be the daughter of Dryopos said to be a mother of Pan, and the reason some writers suggested it was Penelope, Odysseus' wife who was Pan's mother, Dryope/Driope, a Naiad and Hamadryad, though this was probably a confusion with Penelope, as they were both considered daughters of Dryopos seduced by gods in tortoise form (Dryope by Apollo), or Sose, a Naiad and prophetess.

With the nymph Eupheme who nursed the Muses he had a son, Krotos/Crotus, a satyr who was a companion of the Muses. With Symaethis/Symaethos, a Naiad, he fathered Akis/Acis the river god who loved Galatea/Galateia, a Nereid loved and slain by the jealous cyclops Polyphemos. With the Naiad Isemenis/Isemenos he had a son, Krenaios/Crenaeus. He was sometimes said to be father to Silenus/Seilenos, Dionysus tutor and drunk companion who had horse ears, tail and legs, his mother is not given and alternatively he was a son of Hermes or Gaia. With the nymph Echo/Ekho he was parent to Iynx, a nymph who charmed Zeus to love her or Io and was cursed to be a wryneck bird by Hera, alternatively she was a daughter of Peitho and Pan and Echo's daughter was Iambe, a Thracian woman who cheered Demeter with jokes when she despaired over Persephone's disappearance. In one version of Echo's myth, it was Pan who killed her, commanding his followers to rip her to shreds when she scorned his love, Gaia gathered her pieces and only her voice remained, more popularly she was cursed by Hera for distracting her from Zeus' affairs.

A satyr/faun from Fantasia

His other sons are the Panes/Paneides/Paniskoi, twelve in number they may simply be other aspects of Pan- Kelaineus/Celaeneus, Argennon, Aigikoros/Aegicorus, Eugeneios/Eugenius, Omester, Daphoineus/Eugenius, Phobos/Phobus, Philamnos/Philamnus, Xanthos/Xanthus, Glaukos/Glaucus, Argos/Argus, and Phorbas. Satyr like sometimes they were also given goat heads. They helped Dionysus fight the Indians.

Three more Panes were Pan's brothers- Agreus/Argeus, Nomios/Nomius and Phorbas, sons of Hermes with Sose and Penelope respectively, Phorbas' mother is unknown. Agreus was a hunter and Nomios a shepherd and the three joined with Dionysus in his fight with the Indians.

Another Panes was Sybarean Pan/Pan Sybarios, the offspring of a shepherd Krathis and a female goat. This was a Roman story.

Faun from Pan's Labyrinth

He pursued the nymph Syrinx, a virgin follower of Artemis, the river nymphs transformed her into reeds to escape Pan and from them he made the first panpipes. He pursued the nymph Pitys who transformed into a pine tree to escape him. He seduced the moon titaness by wrapping himself in a goatskin or sheepskin.

When Pan was born he had goat's legs and horns and was abandoned by his mother or nurse. Hermes however was delighted with him and took him up.

He can be linked to Aegipan, a son of Zeus and Aega/Boetis/Aix, confusingly given as a descendant of Hephaestus who was nursemaid to Zeus and wife to Pan, a daughter of King Olenus, son of Hephaestus, or Melissus king of Crete, or the Titans Perses and Helios who was confined in the cave where she suckled Zeus because her brightness frightened the other Titans. Zeus may have wore her skin as his aegis, which explains why in some versions she is a goat. Aegipan was half goat and half fish and also said to be father to Pan, he helped Hermes retrieve Zeus' sinews when Typhon stole them.

Pausanias says he found Demeter when she hid herself in grief and anger after Persephone's abduction and Poseidon's rape.

He is sometimes said to have given Artemis her hunting dogs and taught her twin Apollo the gift of prophecy.

He was a companion to Rhea, a mountain goddess, and to Dionysus.

The popular story of Apollo and the satyr Marsyas' music contest is sometimes retold with Pan being Apollo's challenger. The mountain god Tmolus is the judge and he rewards victory to Apollo, all but King Midas agree and as punishment, Apollo curses Midas with donkey ears. The only difference between this tale and that with Marsyas is that Marsyas is flailed by Apollo for his insolence but obviously Apollo could not do the same to a fellow god.

His most famous story is a curious one from Plutarch, that of his death. During the reign of the Emperor Tiberius a sailor, Thamus, claims a voice called to him across the ocean telling him to proclaim that the great god Pan was dead. Salomon Reinach suggests he misheard 'Thamus Panmegas tethneke', which actually means ''the all-great Tammuz is dead', Tammuz being a Summerian god of vegetation and food.

His animals were the goat and tortoise and his plants the pine, reed and beech.

His Roman counterparts are Faunus/Phaunos and Silvanus. Faunus was given as a Greek deity by Nonnus, a son of Poseidon and Circe/Kirke. The Roman deity was a horned god of the forest, fields and wilderness, usually given goat legs he was depicted as a faun, the Roman name for satyr. Virgil says he came from Arcadia. As a god of prophecy he was known as Fatuus and those who slept in precincts on the fleeces of sacrificed lambs were told the future in their dreams.
His wife, sister or daughter was Fauna/Fatua, and his son was Latinus/Lavinius, king of the Latins and father to Lavinia, who was meant to be wed to the king Turnus but was instead given to the Trojan hero Aeneas, resulting in a brief war. Pan had Latinus with Marica, a nymph. Sometimes he was said to have been a mortal king of Latium, son of Picus who was turned into a woodpecker after scorning Circe's love, and Canens, a nymph of song who killed herself after her husband's transformation. Picus was said to be a son of Saturnus/Saturn or Mars. After his mortal death Faunus became a god.
He may have initially been depicted without horns until he was linked to Pan.
He was also known as Inuus, another name for Fatuus/Fatulcus, a god of copulation.

Silvanus was a Roman guardian of forests, also associated with the boundaries between fields. He protected cattle, promoting their fertility and warding wolves off from them. The syrinx (pan flute) was sacred to him and he was usually depicted as an old man. Women may have been exempt from his worshipping him as he was a god of the labour men did in the fields.
He was said to love Pomona, the goddess or nymph of fruitful abundance and orchards, a Numia (guardian spirits). She rejected him and Picus and married Vertumnus/Vortumnus/Vertimnus the god of seasons who tricked her by disguising himself as an old woman. Sometimes he was said to have loved Cyparissus/Kyparissos, a boy who loved a stag which he accidentally killed, in his grief he turned into a cypress tree. Usually Apollo is said to love the boy. Servius says Silvanus accidentally killed the deer and transformed the boy in his grief, and carries the cypress tree with him as a reminder.
He may also have been a Roman counterpart for Silenus, Dionysus' tutor and drunk companion.